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This is a timeline containing events regarding the history of Kosovo. == Prehistory, Roman era - 13th century AD == *5500-4500 BC: The Neolithic archaeological culture of Vinča occupied a large area of Central Balkans. * 4th century BC: The establishment of the Dardanian Kingdom.〔(), The Cambridge ancient history: The fourth century B.C. Volume 6 of The Cambridge ancient history, Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards, ISBN 0-521-85073-8, ISBN 978-0-521-85073-5, Authors: D. M. Lewis, John Boardman, Editors: D. M. Lewis, John Boardman, Edition 2, Publisher: Cambridge University Press, 1994 ISBN 0-521-23348-8, ISBN 978-0-521-23348-4.〕 *393 – 358 - The reign of Bardyllis in Dardania *335 – 295 - (approximately) The reign of Cleitus the Illyrian (the son of Bardyllis) in Dardania *295 - 290 – The reign of Bardylis II in Dardania *231 - 206 – The reign of Longarus in Dardania 〔 *206 – 176 – The reign of Bato of Dardania 〔 * 2nd century BC: The Roman Empire conquered ''Illyria'' in 168 BC. The Central Balkans was prior to the Roman conquest held by Illyrians, Thracians and Celts,〔Fanula Papazoglu, "The central Balkan tribes in pre-Roman times: Triballi, Autariatae, Dardanians, Scordisci and Moesians", ISBN 90-256-0793-4, p. 265〕〔Pannonia and Upper Moesia: a history of the middle Danube provinces of the Roman Empire, The Provinces of the Roman Empire Tome 4, ISBN 0-7100-7714-9, ISBN 978-0-7100-7714-1, 1974, p. 9〕 while the Kosovo region was specifically inhabited by the Triballi, a Thracian tribe.〔(): "...the Triballi who were Bastarnae neighbours, and the Dardani living in their (Triballian) land."〕 *87–27 BC: The Dardani settled in the southwest of Triballi area in 87BC.〔 The Dardani were possibly an Illyro-Thracian.〔Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,ISBN 0-631-19807-5. p. 85: "... Whether the Dardanians were an Illyrian or a Thracian people has been much debated and one view suggests that the area was originally populated with Thracians who then exposed to direct contact with Illyrians over a long period..."〕 Dardanians were defeated by Gaius Scribonius Curio and the Latin language was soon adopted as the main language of the tribe as many other conquered and Romanized.〔 Eastern Dardania was Thracian throughout Roman rule.〔Papazoglu, p. 243〕 The Thracian place names survives the Romanization of the region.〔 *6-9 – The great Great Illyrian Revolt against the Roman Empire *2nd century AD: * *Ulpiana (later Byzantine ''Justiniana Secunda'') is founded, most likely during the rule of Trajan. It was settled by Roman legionaries of unknown descent.〔Adrian Keith Goldsworthy, Ian Haynes, Colin E. P. Adams, The Roman army as a community, ISBN 1-887829-34-2, 1997, p. 100〕 The Romans colonized and founded several cities in the region.〔Hauptstädte in Südosteuropa: Geschichte, Funktion, nationale Symbolkraft by Harald Heppner, p. 134〕 * *Florus and Laurus, Constantinopolitan twin brothers that worked as stonemasons, are killed together with 300 fellow Christians after building a Church on the site of a Greek temple in Ulpiana. They were proclaimed Christians martyrs.〔Velimirovic, 1985–1986, no. 3, p. 209-210〕〔Jan N. Bremmer, The apocryphal acts of Thomas, Peeters Publishers, 2001, ISBN 90-429-1070-4. (p. 56 )〕 *284: Emperor Diocletian established Dardania into a separate province out of territory of Moesia Superior with its capital at Naissus (Niš).〔J. J. Wilkes, 1992, p. 210〕 However, in Ptolemy's ''Geographia'' (written in the 2nd century), Dardania is a separate unit.〔Ronald Syme, Anthony Richard Birley: The provincial at Rome: and, Rome and the Balkans 80BC-AD14, (p. 131 )〕 *4th century: * *325: Bishops from Dardania and Macedonia Salutaris attend the Council of Nicaea, to deal with the Arian heresy.〔Robert Elsie: Historical Dictionary of Kosovo, (p. 61 )〕 * *343–344: Bishops from Dardania, New Epirus and Old Epirus attend the Council of Sardica.〔 *5th century: * *Christianity begins to spread throughout the region.〔 *441: Invasion of Huns into Illyria.〔J.B. Bury, The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5, (p. 237 )〕 * *479: Ulpiana is destroyed. King Theodemir sent his son Theodoric the Great with 3,000 soldiers to destroy the city.〔(The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites ),"ULPIANA (Gračanica) Yugoslavia.〕〔: "... Along the way the cities of Castrum Herculis-Kurvingrad Clisura, Ulpiana- Lipljan, Stobi near Gradsko, and Heraclea-Bitola, fell into his hands. ..."〕 *6th century: * *517: A "great barbarian incursion". * *518: Earthquake, destroying 24 strongholds in Dardania.〔 * *fl. 535–565: Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) rebuilt Ulpiana, naming it ''Justiniana Secunda'' after founding Justiniana Prima in 535.〔A History of the Later Roman Empire, AD 284–641: The Transformation of the Ancient World (Blackwell History of the Ancient World) by Stephen Mitchell, ISBN 1-4051-0856-8,2006,page 363,"... Procopius claimed that Justinian also improved the city walls of Ulpiana (modern Ljubljana), Serdica, Naissus, and Pautalia, and refurbished the forts ..."〕 * *Slavs are mentioned in the Balkans during Justinian I rule (527–565), when eventually up to 100,000 Slavs raided Thessalonica. The Balkans was settled with "Sclaveni", in relation to the Antes which settled in Eastern Europe.〔Hupchick, Dennis P. ''The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism.'' Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. ISBN 1-4039-6417-3〕 Large scale Slavic settlement in the Balkans begins in the early 580s. The Slavs lived in the ''Sklavinia'' (lit. ''Slav lands''). *fl. 893–927: the church in Sočanica is, at latest, built during the reign of Bulgar Simeon I. It was in use in the 11th and 12th centuries according to grave finds. In the reign of Grand Prince Uroš II, the site was known as ''Sečenica'' and was defended from the Byzantines from the newly built fortress at Galič, protecting the bridge over Ibar and the road to Ras.〔Janković Đorđe N., (''On the church of Raška in pre-Nemanjić times'' ), Glasnik Srpskog arheološkog društva 2004, vol. 21, iss. 20, pp. 63–80, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy〕 The site draws continuity with ''municipium Dardanorum''. *ca 960: Constantine VII writes the ''De Administrando Imperio'', in which "Serbia" has the city of Dresneïk, among others,〔Constantine Porphyrogenitus de Administrando Imperio, ed. Gyula Moravcsik, p. 161〕 possibly modern Drsnik, in Metohija.〔Relja Novakovic, ''Gde se nalazila Srbija od VII do X veka'' (Where Serbia was situated from the 7th to 10th centuries) (Belgrade: Narodna knjiga, 1981 ), pp. 61–63.〕〔Vojislav Korac, "Architecture In Medieval Serbia", Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts〕 *ca 1090: Serbian Grand Prince Vukan (r. 1083–1112) began raiding Byzantine territory, first in the vicinity of Kosovo. *Between 1166-1168: Nemanja, a Serbian royalty who held parts of Kosovo and southern Serbia proper, defeats his older brother and Serbian Grand Prince Tihomir at Pantino (south of Zvečan), usurping the throne.〔The Serbs, p. 31〕 *13th century: * *between 1217–1235: The Peć ''metoh'' is founded by Saint Sava. * *1253: the Serbian see was transferred from Žiča to the Archbishopric of Peć (future Patriarchate) by Archbishop Arsenije after a Hungarian invasion.〔István Vásáry, ''Cumans and Tatars: Oriental military in the pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365'', (p. 100-101 )〕 The Serbian primates had since moved between the two.〔''Serbia: the history behind the name'', (p. 11 )〕 * *In 1289–1290, the chief treasures of the ruined Žiča monastery, including the remains of Saint Jevstatije I, were transferred to Peć.〔Radivoje Ljubinković, ''The Church of the Apostles in the Patriarchate of Peć'', (p. viii )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of Kosovo history」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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